International Journal of Imam Reza (as) and modern sciences

International Journal of Imam Reza (as) and modern sciences

An Analysis of the Exegetical Hadiths of Imam Reza (AS) in the Narrations of Abd al-Azim al-Hasani (RA)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Fatemeh Behtouei 1
Mojtaba Biglari 2
Azam Farjami 2
1 Master of Science in Quran and Hadith Studies, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Theology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
10.22034/ijs.2025.500198.1320
Abstract
Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (RA) is counted among the esteemed companions of the Pure Imams (A.S.) who received the endorsement of Imam Hādī (A.S.). By the command of Imam Hādī (A.S.), he migrated to the city of Rayy, dedicated himself to the dissemination of the teachings of the Ahl al-Bayt (A.S.), and became a religious authority for the Shi‘a. The narrations of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm are dispersed across various hadith collections, and certain works have addressed his life; however, to date, no independent study has been devoted to the narrations transmitted by him from Imam Reza(A.S.). This research has been conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and employing library resources and hadith software. The findings demonstrate that Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm was the first compiler of the sermons of Nahj al-Balāghah, and his book Khutab Amīr al-Mu’minīn (A.S.) [The Sermons of the Commander of the Faithful (A.S.)] can be regarded as one of the significant sources of Sayyid al-Raḍī in the compilation of Nahj al-Balāghah. An examination of the ten identified narrations from Imam Reza(A.S.) transmitted through Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm indicates that these narrations predominantly contain exegetical themes (such as the meaning of "khatm" [seal], the interpretation of "naẓar ilā Allāh" [looking toward God], the negation of anthropomorphism, and the correction of distorted hadiths) and ethical themes (such as the boundary between faith (īmān) and submission (islām), the relationship between gratitude to the creature and gratitude to God, and the connection between "causing harm to a saint (walī)" and "polytheism (shirk)"). It was also established that the primary intermediary transmitter of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm in narrating from Imam Reza(A.S.) is Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Maḥmūd, and the other narrators in this network are also, for the most part, classified among the trustworthy (thiqāt). This study, while filling the gap of previous research concerning the narrations of ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (RA) from Imam Reza(A.S.), demonstrates that he was a reliable and influential link in the chain of transmission of the exegetical and ethical legacy of Imam Reza(A.S.).
Keywords
Imam Reza(A.S.), Exegetical Narration, &‌‌lsquo
Abd al-&‌‌lsquo
Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (RA), Hadith
Subjects
The Holy Qur'an (1389 Sh). Translated by Nasser Makarem Shirazi. Qom: Ali ibn Abi Talib (A.S.) Publications.
‘Aṭarudi, ‘Aziz Allah (1373 Sh). ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī: Ḥayātuhu wa Musnaduh [Zindigānī-ye Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm (A.S.)] [The Life and Musnad of ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī]. Tehran: ‘Aṭarud.
‘Aṭarudi, ‘Aziz Allah (1388 Sh). Musnad-e Imām Hādī Abu al-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Muḥammad (A.S.). Tehran: ‘Aṭarud.
‘Aṭarudi, ‘Aziz Allah, & Hazar, Ali Reza (1382 Sh). Musnad-e Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) [The Musnad of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.)]. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
‘Irfaniyan, Ghulam Reza (1417 AH). Mashāyikh al-Thiqāt. Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute.
Ali ibn Husayn (A.S.) (1390 Sh). Risālat al-Ḥuqūq [The Treatise on Rights]. Tehran: Islamic Propagation.
Baḥrani, Seyed Hashim ibn Sulayman (1374 Sh). Al-Burhān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Qom: Bi‘that Institute.
Borujerdi, Aqa Husayn (1386 Sh). Jāmi‘ Aḥādīth al-Shī‘ah. Tehran: Farhang-e Sabz Publications.
Diyanat, Fatemeh (1396 Sh). Shahr-e Rayy [The City of Rayy]. Tehran: Cultural Research Office.
Ebrahimzadeh, Maryam (1393 Sh). The Role and Significance of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) in the Era of Imam Hādī (A.S.). International Conference on Sibṭ al-Nabī Imam Hasan Mujtabā (A.S.). Tehran, 386–405.
Farshchiyan, Reza (1384 Sh). Pīshgāmān-e Tashayyu‘ dar Iran: Hamrāh bā Rūykardī Tafṣīlī bih Rijāl-e Ash‘ariyān [The Pioneers of Shi‘ism in Iran: With a Detailed Approach to the Transmitters of the Ash‘arīs]. Qom: Zā’ir Publications.
Fayḍ Kashani, Mulla Muhsin (1426 AH). Ḥāshiyat al-Wāfī. Qom: Mu‘assasah-ye ‘Allāmeh Mujaddid Waḥīd Behbahānī.
Hafiziyan Baboli, Abolfazl (1382 Sh). Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm from the Viewpoint of Ayatollah Mar‘ashi Najafi (RA). Mīrāth-e Shahab, 57–63.
Hilli, Hasan ibn Yusuf (1411 AH). Al-Rijāl. Najaf: Dar al-Dhakha'ir.
Hosseini Khatib, Seyed ‘Abd al-Zahra’ (1409 AH). Maṣādir Nahj al-Balāghah wa Asānīduh. Beirut: Dar al-Zahra’.
Hosseinian Qummi, Mahdi (1382 Sh). The Sun of Rayy: Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) from the Perspective of the Infallible Imams (A.S.). ‘Ulūm-e Ḥadīth [Hadith Sciences], 27, 47–97.
Hurr al-‘Amili, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (1409 AH). Tafṣīl Wasā’il al-Shī‘ah ilā Taḥṣīl Masā’il al-Sharī‘ah. Qom: Al al-Bayt (A.S.) Institute.
I‘tiḍad al-Salṭanah, Ali-Quli Mirza (1396 Sh). Aḥwāl-e Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) va Digar Emamzadegan-e Madfun dar Rayy va Emamzadegan-e Zayd ibn Ali va Yaḥyā (A.S.) [The Biography of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) and Other Imamzadehs Buried in Rayy, and the Imamzadehs Zayd ibn Ali and Yaḥyā (A.S.)]. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Ibn al-Ghaḍa’iri, Ahmad ibn Husayn (1364 Sh). Al-Rijal. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Ibn Babawayh, Muhammad ibn Ali (1376 Sh). Al-Amali. Tehran: Ketabchi.
Ibn Babawayh, Muhammad ibn Ali (1378 Sh). ‘Uyun Akhbar Reza(A.S.). Tehran: Jahan.
Ibn Babawayh, Muhammad ibn Ali (1396 Sh). Lawami‘ al-Anwar. Qom: Al-Qur'an al-Ṣā‘id.
Ibn Babawayh, Muhammad ibn Ali (1413 AH). Man La Yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh. Qom: Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.
Ibn Dawud, Hasan ibn Ali ibn Dawud (1342 Sh). Rijal. Tehran: University of Tehran.
Ibn Faris, Ahmad ibn Faris (1404 AH). Mu‘jam Maqayis al-Lughah. Qom: Islamic Propagation Office of the Qom Seminary.
Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani, Ahmad ibn Ali (1404 AH). Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr li al-Tiba‘ah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi‘.
Ibn Tawus, Ali ibn Musa (1420 AH). Taraf min al-Anba’ wa al-Manaqib. Mashhad: Tasu‘a.
Ja‘fari, Ya‘qub (1382 Sh). God's Sealing of the Hearts of the Unbelievers. Ma‘ārif-e Qur’ānī [Qur’anic Studies], 12, 27–30.
Jawahiri, Muhammad (1424 AH). Al-Mufīd min Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth. Qom: Maktabat al-Maḥallātī.
Jaza'iri, Ni‘mat Allah ibn ‘Abd Allah (1381 Sh). Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyā’ [Stories of the Prophets]. Tehran: Farhan.
Karbala’i Pazuki, Ali, et al. (1402 Sh). The Weakening and Authentication of Sahl ibn Ziyad on the Scales of Judgement. Dū-Faṣlnāmeh-ye ‘Ilmī-ye Ḥadīth-Pazhūhī [Biannual Scientific Journal of Hadith Studies], 15(30), 270–302.
Kashshi, Muhammad ibn ‘Umar (1363 Sh). Al-Rijāl. Qom: Al al-Bayt (A.S.) li Iḥyā’ al-Turāth Institute.
Khu'i, Abu al-Qasim (1384 Sh). Al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Qom: Dar al-Thaqalayn.
Khu'i, Seyed Abu al-Qasim (1413 AH). Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth. Tehran: Tawhid.
Kulayni, Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub (1429 AH). Al-Kāfī. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir (1378 Sh). Īmān wa Kufr [Faith and Unbelief]. Tehran: ‘Aṭarud.
Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir (1403 AH). Biḥār al-Anwār. Beirut: Dar Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.
Makarem Shirazi, Nasser (1371 Sh). Tafsīr-e Nemūneh [The Ideal Exegesis]. Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah.
Mirdamadi, Seyed Muhammad Baqir (1396 Sh). I‘tiqādāt-e Shī‘ah az Dīdgāh-e Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) [Shi‘a Beliefs from the Viewpoint of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.)]. Tehran: Andisheh-ye Mawlana.
Mudīr Shānehchī, Kazim (1356 Sh). Dirāyat al-Ḥadīth [The Comprehension of Hadith]. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University.
Mufid, Muhammad ibn Muhammad (1413 AH). Al-Ikhtiṣāṣ. Qom: The World Congress for the Millennium of Shaykh al-Mufid.
Muḥaddith Nūrī, Husayn ibn Muhammad Taqi (1408 AH). Mustadrak al-Wasā’il wa Mustanbaṭ al-Masā’il. Qom: Al al-Bayt (A.S.) Institute.
Musawi Khomeini, Seyed Ruh Allah (1362 Sh). Ṭalab wa Irādah [Demand and Will]. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Center.
Mutahhari, Murtada (1379 Sh). ‘Adl-e Ilāhī [Divine Justice]. Tehran: Sadra Publications.
Najashi, Ahmad ibn Ali (1365 Sh). Al-Rijāl. Qom: Society of Teachers of the Qom Seminary.
Namazi Shahroudi, Ali (1414 AH). Mustadrakāt ‘Ilm Rijāl al-Ḥadīth. Tehran: Author's Son.
Namazi Shahroudi, Ali (1419 AH). Mustadrak Safīnat al-Biḥār. Qom: Society of Teachers of the Qom Seminary.
Naraqi, Abu al-Qasim (1422 AH). Shu‘ab al-Maqāl fī Darajāt al-Rijāl. Qom: Congress for the Commemoration of the Researchers Mulla Mahdi and Mulla Ahmad Naraqi.
Qa’idan, Asghar (1382 Sh). Āstān-e Muqaddas-e Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) dar Guzashteh wa Ḥāl [The Sacred Threshold of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) in the Past and Present]. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Qa’idan, Asghar (1396 Sh). Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.). Tehran: Cultural Research.
Qasemi, Muhammad Ali (1401 Sh). Barrisī-ye Taḥlīlī-ye Riwayāt-e Tafsīrī-ye Imām Riḍā (A.S.) [An Analytical Study of the Exegetical Narrations of Imam Reza(A.S.)]. Mashhad: Razavi University of Islamic Sciences.
Qazi Zahedi, Ahmad (1384 Sh). Ahl-e Bayt (A.S.) Mushkil-gushā-ye Ḥājatmandān [The Ahl al-Bayt (A.S.), the Solver of the Needs of the Needy]. Qom: Ḥādhiq.
Qummi, Abbas (1414 AH). Safīnat al-Biḥār wa Madīnat al-Ḥikam wa al-Āthār. Qom: Uswah.
Raghib Isfahani, Husayn ibn Muhammad (1412 AH/1992). Mufradāt Alfāẓ al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dar al-Shamiyyah.
Rey Shahri, Muhammad (1390 Sh). Ḥikmat-nāmeh-ye Ḥaḍrat-e ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm (A.S.) [The Wisdom Book of Ḥaḍrat ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm (A.S.)]. Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Sa‘di, Muṣliḥ ibn ‘Abd Allah (1365 Sh). Gulistān-e Sa‘dī [The Rose Garden of Sa‘di]. Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Sadr, Reza (1420 AH). Al-Ijtihād wa al-Taqlīd. Qom: Islamic Propagation Office.
Salari, ‘Aziz Allah (1378 Sh). Qaḍā wa Qadar [Divine Decree and Predestination]. Tehran: Mu‘assasah-ye Nashr.
Subḥani Tabrizi, Ja‘far (1418 AH). Mawsū‘at Ṭabaqāt al-Fuqahā’. Qom: Imam al-Ṣādiq (A.S.) Institute.
Suyuti, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr (1415 AH). Tadrīb al-Rāwī fī Sharḥ Taqrīb al-Nawāwī. Riyadh: Maktabat al-Kawthar.
Tabarsi, Ahmad ibn Ali (1403 AH). Al-Iḥtijāj ‘alā Ahl al-Lijāj. Mashhad: Murtada.
Tabatabai, Muhammad Husayn (1352 Sh). Al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Al-A‘lami Institute for Publications.
Turaihi, Fakhr al-Din ibn Muhammad (1375 Sh). Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn. Tehran: Murtadawi.
Tusi, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (1373 Sh). Al-Rijāl. Qom: Islamic Publishing Institute affiliated with the Society of Teachers of the Holy City of Qom.
Tusi, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan (1420 AH). Al-Fihrist. Qom: Maktabat al-Muḥaqqiq al-Ṭabāṭabā’ī.
Tustari (Shushtari), Muhammad Taqi (1419 AH). Qāmūs al-Rijāl. Qom: Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.
Wa‘iẓ Tehrani Kujuri, Muhammad Baqir ibn Isma‘il (1382 Sh). Rūḥ wa Rayḥān (Jannat al-Na‘īm wa al-‘Aysh al-Salīm fī Aḥwāl al-Sayyid ‘Abd al-‘Aẓīm al-Ḥasanī (A.S.) wa al-Takrīm). Qom: Dar al-Hadith.
Zabidi, Muhammad ibn Muhammad (1414 AH). Tāj al-‘Arūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
 
 

  • Receive Date 16 January 2025
  • Revise Date 07 September 2025
  • Accept Date 22 November 2025
  • First Publish Date 20 February 2026
  • Publish Date 20 February 2026